正参考的20分钟科学报告提纲：
# v5 E3 B# S/ F 1. Title/author/affiliation (1 slide)
/ J' F' D: |$ y W 2. Forecast (1 slide)： Give gist of problem attacked and insight found (What is the one idea you want people to leave with? This is the "abstract" of an oral presentation.)
A/ A- V/ V4 `) O 3. Outline (1 slide)： Give talk structure. Some speakers prefer to put this at the bottom of their title slide. (Audiences like predictability.)
y6 d' M# B* E6 T! f) n! I 4. Background
/ M3 p0 v- S/ e$ j* f5 s( o$ D% {, W 4-1. Motivation and Problem Statement (1-2 slides)：(Why should anyone care? Most researchers overestimate how much the audience knows about the problem they are attacking.)
: h5 t1 Y7 J; g# e1 Q) D1 }/ f 4-2. Related Work (0-1 slides)： Cover superficially or omit; refer people to your paper.
z8 d. p3 Z% y+ C- g2 O! d& U 4-3. Methods (1 slide)： Cover quickly in short talks; refer people to your paper.
* ~/ Q. c: Z7 D1 K2 j) C( H 5. Results (4-6 slides)： Present key results and key insights. This is main body of the talk. Its internal structure varies greatly as a function of the researcher's contribution. (Do not superficially cover all results; cover key result well. Do not just present numbers; interpret them to give insights. Do not put up large tables of numbers.)' C& l, b+ _- Q w! W. L
6. Summary (1 slide)
; g5 m7 [* l! U, \ S 7. Future Work (0-1 slides)：Optionally give problems this research opens up.
/ |9 I1 a. x* l, g2 P% h 8. Backup Slides (0-3 slides): Optionally have a few slides ready (not counted in your talk total) to answer expected questions. (Likely question areas: ideas glossed over, shortcomings of methods or results, and future work.)3 a# D4 e7 C. w5 u- k: ^. z
- f% V9 v+ |, V& ?+ b, ~( b8 [/ w简洁版： 1. Title/author/affiliation (1 slide)3 _' [7 X) l$ u$ T
2. Motivation (1 slide)
: L0 f2 x% r" ^- p+ |9 S% x 3. Background (1 slide)2 J) n/ [5 F+ C4 n: w- p
4. Hypothesis (1 slide)
" O0 I2 T0 |; L6 e" d* q 5. Results (8 slides)1 Z9 P- @2 q, S& w
6. Conclusion (1 slide)
: p. l6 C7 }* [2 Q% P9 x* h8 e 7. Future Work (1 slide)
2 b' i, E3 @% B# a/ c+ I 8. Acknowledgements (1slide)7 K# Q" {. e! X$ }
9. Backup Slides
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" G% Y7 u5 S% X, x举个例子：
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（1）原则% S! H3 w! v6 u
首先，引用 A PhD is not enough 中的话：
) |3 G+ V6 A3 p- S! aAs the speaker you are putting on a one-man show. Your listeners are investigating an hour of their valuable time... They expect to hear a good story, with a beginning, a middle and an end...$ p( V! a+ Y3 X5 D: H0 k
... Never over-estimate your audience...3 ^4 `0 l' Y- E2 z4 k
是的，要讲一个“故事”，因为大家都喜欢听故事，无厘头在这里就不靠谱了。而且要尽量讲得简单易懂，化繁为简，林老师也说“如果学术报告能够让老妈也能听懂，就是成功”（据说是 Don Forsyth 的名言）。* O" y7 w' S) G! |6 J. ]7 _- K
) A$ u4 g; F" y! B" o（2）结构
8 [* ?+ S) i2 g) i, m1 s2 Y我之前分享了一份20分钟科学演讲的提纲：8 ]1 H/ P) u' a3 B' G
http://www.joyocean.org/viewthread.php?tid=1789&extra=page%3D1
0 b9 E, S7 v9 R8 N, E以“讲故事”为目标，修改后的最终版本PPT的结构变成了：
2 {! ?7 |, f1 L4 |; W+ r4 P 1. Title/author/affiliation (1 slide)( c, M4 ]8 ~( U! {
2. Motivation (1 slide)
( F2 I4 V$ C6 b. e, L 3. Background (1 slide)$ {- D# H( D# m) l5 z
4. Hypothesis (1 slide)
* _2 L9 _1 f% w9 o6 p 5. Results (8 slides)- n; c" D6 M" M+ F
6. Conclusion (1 slide)3 V8 f1 D k1 i8 k O$ P
7. Future Work (1 slide)3 T# p/ S/ W5 w0 G6 B$ p5 m
8. Acknowledgements (1slide)
0 ]( j. @3 i5 f5 S3 g 9. Backup Slides0 e- i! M% I7 ?- {+ C
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几点我觉得比较重要的改变包括：
0 H$ F. Z/ d+ Ha. 删除 Forcast & Outline，这是为了更快的进入“故事”；其实所有与故事无关的都应当删去。# t; O: }' |: g: ]* J
b. 缩减 Background，删减后的这个部分只有一张slide，只包括“故事”中必须要用到的概念。2 a: B0 [1 c: `9 |0 k" Z/ Y7 A L
c. 增加 Hypothesis，这个部分有点像文章的 Introduction，与最后的Conclusion对应，介绍这个研究的科学问题。
/ O( F, [$ w/ E& e. Zd. 加大 Results 的份额，这个就不用多说了吧。“讲故事”就在这里。当然了，我发现真正在准备的时候还是很费时的，因为要注意顺序问题，怎样能一张一张有逻辑的将故事说圆了，让大家都没有疑惑。2 G3 }5 |3 P! ^; `! O/ A
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（3）讲故事' ~/ m+ @7 R/ p% q3 X1 y( v3 }+ b
也就是 Results 部分，也是报告真正的核心内容。与写文章不同的是，因为时间限制，细节问题不需要讨论；这样才能将重要的内容凸显出来。图多字少不用公式也是给短报告的一个原则。4 W0 r) e+ J; z* \" m( C- X* w
, v2 f/ ?4 |, u+ E0 t（4）风格+ b9 W) `0 r; H& [
我的第一个版本的每一张 Slide 都包括了进度条和姓名时间，后来在林老师的建议下删掉了。这是因为要“努力使听众集中注意力听故事”。
$ Z6 S- k8 f) {! |4 i; k同样，制作 PPT 还有很多细节问题，有些关乎个人风格。目标当然是要显得“Professional”了。下面是林老师在帮我修改 PPT 时的一些建议，在这里与大家分享一下：
+ x- k: s! M9 C A8 R0 A7 h3 Wa. 字体: Aria narrow.
1 m9 W- P* L8 R 字体大小: title 32, subtitle 28 etc., not smaller than 18, \; v; ]; |4 b8 j
b.深色底色加上浅色（比如白&黄色）的字0 ]0 P; p$ D8 y" T
c. 不要过分展示别人的结果，专注于讲自己的故事。2 i& j! M1 }% U& @5 }
' V" B2 W4 V: ^0 K8 ]8 A2 }（5）画图
8 j0 K3 B ^7 c因为图片在报告的重要性，PPT 中的每一张图都要重新画过，推荐用 png 格式。我用 AI 将 pdf 转成 png 格式，同时要注意分辨率，字体大小的问题。下面链接是个很详细的说明：$ U" o1 f% K3 A. M
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