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原标题：如何保护鲸鱼免受船只伤害，看看智利交出的答卷！
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/ E% |# l( k8 X" y7 h, t- p+ y A device floating in waters off the coast of southern Chile aims to collect data on nearby whales to protect them from passing ships.
( l" q f. s: Z% o, J 智利南部海岸附近水域漂浮着一个装置，该装置旨在收集附近鲸鱼的数据，以保护它们免受过往船只的伤害。 , h+ o+ M# H% f+ G) f3 i8 p
2 X8 a. [' }+ @8 T7 k; D The first electronic buoy was recently placed in the sea in the Gulf of Corcovado, about 1,100 kilometers from the capital, Santiago.
4 }$ M7 P6 v/ R% D B! |, L3 E% T 第一个电子浮标最近被放置在距离智利首都圣地亚哥约1100公里的科尔科瓦多湾。
+ L5 [$ [! ]7 {0 `, Y! ~! ~: q The device is designed to listen to the sounds whales make when they communicate with each other. - P2 h$ o8 w8 D# k6 ?7 o- X9 |% c
该设备旨在监听鲸鱼相互交流时发出的声音。 0 `$ h5 U/ K6 E4 l
The animals use sound to map their movements and to hunt. 3 u( L+ L' A3 m2 w6 L
这种动物使用声音来记录它们的行动图，并进行狩猎。
" O4 m# e2 {. y. K/ G The sounds are processed by artificial intelligence (AI)-powered computer systems in an effort to identify where the animals are.
3 D0 C7 C; _6 Z+ J$ O5 c 这些声音由人工智能(AI)驱动的计算机系统处理，以努力确定动物的位置。
* S4 @4 L6 ]/ R1 V This information is then sent to shipping operators to help them avoid crashing into whales. , y% E; Z- I6 o6 E2 p
这些信息随后被发送给航运运营商，以帮助他们避免撞到鲸鱼。
- A" O" |/ W! u; K7 Z A non-profit organization called the Blue Boat Initiative put the buoy in place.
; \; \7 S' K: b+ |9 h2 o 该浮标由一个名为“蓝船倡议”的非营利组织安装。
& b( r6 C# v+ L4 @& @8 v The group seeks to develop and deploy technology tools to provide a warning system for shipping companies. ' s, c& X3 x- X# I/ d6 a
该组织寻求开发和部署技术工具，为航运公司提供预警系统。
J) M/ j5 [8 M. O7 A' W% e2 M In addition to helping protect whales, the "smart" buoy also collects data on the health of the ocean and the effects of climate change. , l4 [4 S6 J7 J4 C3 P. G
除了帮助保护鲸鱼，“智能”浮标还收集关于海洋健康和气候变化影响的数据。 " a) k$ j( {( P- Q
The group plans to place a series of buoys along the path whales take on trips from Antarctica to the equator. - R. f6 C& U0 K$ ] W2 P% s
该组织计划在鲸鱼从南极洲到赤道的路线上放置一系列浮标。 : A' b$ w8 ?5 W" k7 h- b: B1 T
The Gulf of Corcovado is rich in sea life, including a large number of blue whales, as well as sei and Southern right whales.
' R4 l( K( B4 {* ^$ }: |9 {% ? 科尔科瓦多湾的海洋生物丰富，包括大量的蓝鲸，以及西鲸和南露脊鲸。
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All these whales are listed as endangered under the Endangered Species Act.
: Q. p3 g4 s7 v, h/ ?; G L 根据《濒危物种法》，所有这些鲸鱼都被列为濒危物种。
8 \$ A0 K1 C" S The areas whale population is largest during the summer season in the Southern Hemisphere.
' Q$ u0 {, T7 g; L0 k9 w9 y+ w 该地区的鲸鱼数量在南半球的夏季是最多的。
. u4 h' u. ~& ^5 a& X: ` In 2008, Chile banned whaling activities, including whaling for scientific purposes.
9 t' Z2 e4 M+ B. F! ^ 2008年，智利禁止捕鲸活动，包括用于科学目的捕鲸。
% N" _3 K: ?( Y8 t The country has established a number of protected areas for whales and other endangered species. - a+ T- g. I- [0 k, |4 r2 ?
该国已经为鲸鱼和其他濒危物种建立了一些保护区。
$ t5 V' t# T- R) {7 q "This is the beginning of a longer road," said Sonia Espanol, director of the Blue Boat Initiative.
- v9 J/ w/ a( v- ~/ V% E, C( e “这是一条更漫长道路的开始，”蓝船倡议的负责人索尼娅·埃斯帕诺尔说。 , T, V/ P/ {! Y. f1 K
She noted that her team plans to cover the gulf with at least six buoys. 0 k% f% T/ [. ^
她指出，她的团队计划用至少六个浮标覆盖整个海湾。 0 j% v) B* P# H$ _8 q
"The idea is to be able to cover the entire migratory route of the whales from Antarctica to the equator," Espanol said.
- ~, D" j% s1 b “我们的想法是能够覆盖鲸鱼从南极洲到赤道的整个迁徙路线。”埃斯帕诺尔说。 + ^1 o3 P; X. K; ^& _
The buoy works by using software called Listening to the Deep Ocean Environment (LIDO). + _- S# ?4 n# ^
该浮标的工作原理是使用名为“倾听深海环境”(LIDO)的软件。
, b- R/ N: P4 @7 y( n; w* q The device continuously monitors ocean sounds. 7 p# C/ I6 I! a+ D
该设备持续监测海洋声音。 ^* K1 b: B @
It uses AI to identify the kind of whales and where they are in real time. ' L5 c5 G, q( J1 U# H( h/ _
它使用人工智能来实时识别鲸鱼的种类和位置。 $ l# E. R: e, x) c6 D* p* m
It then sends messages to nearby ships so they can reduce noise levels and try to avoid crashes.
$ J0 [; @: R- {: d* H( Y) @' @9 I 然后它会向附近的船只发送信息，这样他们就可以降低噪音水平，尽量避免碰撞。
* O/ R" s9 L4 h. y8 {% S The buoys also contain sensors to measure water temperatures, oxygen levels and more to predict ocean health and the effects of climate change. 8 k# V$ k% Y! z! @* _' B; L( g6 M
浮标还包含传感器，用来测量水温、氧气水平等，以预测海洋健康和气候变化的影响。
9 U9 N( q, Q' m That information is expected to be used to help guide public environmental policies. * Z7 O7 }* B5 N
这些信息预计将被用来帮助指导公共环境政策。
0 `/ D" j. x! X8 G2 B In the United States, scientists recently deployed a similar whale warning system off Americas west coast.
( }1 p4 g! U7 Q( d: Q 在美国，科学家最近在美国西海岸部署了一个类似的鲸鱼预警系统。 ) W7 q2 y" S8 O# g) k
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That system, called Whale Safe, also uses buoys to identify the presence of whales. ( ?+ |) Z( H8 k, V
这个被称为“鲸鱼安全”的系统也使用浮标来识别鲸鱼的存在。 + v: t3 `3 j4 B/ a# W+ R
2022年第11期招生刚刚结束，部分班级还可以插班，详情请点击：招生简章｜"一天一点"会员口语群2022年第11期招生最后1天！
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