正参考的20分钟科学报告提纲：! a+ N; r& e' K. A
1. Title/author/affiliation (1 slide)
2 _- D g8 p* ` 2. Forecast (1 slide)： Give gist of problem attacked and insight found (What is the one idea you want people to leave with? This is the "abstract" of an oral presentation.)
1 Q' b! j3 ^' P8 s; @& x0 H 3. Outline (1 slide)： Give talk structure. Some speakers prefer to put this at the bottom of their title slide. (Audiences like predictability.)
# F# D+ C6 v e7 | 4. Background: j& T: D+ ~% \. D- `3 K( q6 u' N
4-1. Motivation and Problem Statement (1-2 slides)：(Why should anyone care? Most researchers overestimate how much the audience knows about the problem they are attacking.)) {" g5 a- Z0 p. R! e# v3 g
4-2. Related Work (0-1 slides)： Cover superficially or omit; refer people to your paper.. u4 a |; t9 x+ M" q& f
4-3. Methods (1 slide)： Cover quickly in short talks; refer people to your paper.6 O! x' ]3 A0 X5 }
5. Results (4-6 slides)： Present key results and key insights. This is main body of the talk. Its internal structure varies greatly as a function of the researcher's contribution. (Do not superficially cover all results; cover key result well. Do not just present numbers; interpret them to give insights. Do not put up large tables of numbers.)
+ a8 z$ |0 A+ o0 } a 6. Summary (1 slide)) p& Q; O$ ~& X% K! B
7. Future Work (0-1 slides)：Optionally give problems this research opens up.9 b7 m: T/ V; v7 ?9 |( S4 ^% `5 u
8. Backup Slides (0-3 slides): Optionally have a few slides ready (not counted in your talk total) to answer expected questions. (Likely question areas: ideas glossed over, shortcomings of methods or results, and future work.)
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简洁版： 1. Title/author/affiliation (1 slide)4 c" m; W8 \4 e6 z3 E+ n; o
2. Motivation (1 slide)" o; y9 `0 m6 V, C
3. Background (1 slide)
* Y" K/ {- g) a" n 4. Hypothesis (1 slide)
% p, m8 Q# {7 s8 I7 n( p# A) O 5. Results (8 slides)' e! G# i7 E% V
6. Conclusion (1 slide)1 s. y6 h3 p4 G& z5 D
7. Future Work (1 slide)
- A5 [" K" g& B2 u, M 8. Acknowledgements (1slide)% X9 @, _1 F! u
9. Backup Slides
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% Y6 `$ ?2 x# u* l举个例子： r6 `, z8 l. j+ x4 H+ X
9 X/ n7 \; Z) M/ T$ B( P2 i（1）原则+ ]; W6 i' U; B+ E$ M
首先，引用 A PhD is not enough 中的话：: T7 F, z2 J* U. g/ }
As the speaker you are putting on a one-man show. Your listeners are investigating an hour of their valuable time... They expect to hear a good story, with a beginning, a middle and an end...
( h* X1 u5 L. l8 P... Never over-estimate your audience...
& m1 e7 h: F8 G& D: b是的，要讲一个“故事”，因为大家都喜欢听故事，无厘头在这里就不靠谱了。而且要尽量讲得简单易懂，化繁为简，林老师也说“如果学术报告能够让老妈也能听懂，就是成功”（据说是 Don Forsyth 的名言）。' {! _9 e) N9 d+ u# X) S* @! c
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（2）结构
$ p3 D5 }/ X+ O @: `我之前分享了一份20分钟科学演讲的提纲：
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以“讲故事”为目标，修改后的最终版本PPT的结构变成了：- U6 A% d+ B- r* e# `
1. Title/author/affiliation (1 slide)
9 l& j4 G" A- f e 2. Motivation (1 slide)0 c* I; K6 t1 f& x, @2 U; y( i# e$ z
3. Background (1 slide)
|$ C! M1 I8 W6 O2 _ 4. Hypothesis (1 slide)
+ u& Y$ R$ u' |4 Q 5. Results (8 slides)# O" i v2 Q1 S6 a, B3 |* G
6. Conclusion (1 slide)9 k2 @2 E& u) D
7. Future Work (1 slide)
5 \* r7 r' i" }1 L 8. Acknowledgements (1slide)
9 z) ?! ?, H' v9 s" a 9. Backup Slides
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几点我觉得比较重要的改变包括：4 J+ d2 w. _. }; T, E
a. 删除 Forcast & Outline，这是为了更快的进入“故事”；其实所有与故事无关的都应当删去。
K5 \6 q5 i5 t s F( E5 S* mb. 缩减 Background，删减后的这个部分只有一张slide，只包括“故事”中必须要用到的概念。* l* Z: D$ V) C. t2 ]1 C. B
c. 增加 Hypothesis，这个部分有点像文章的 Introduction，与最后的Conclusion对应，介绍这个研究的科学问题。
, F* \( ?! ?# q$ U6 ud. 加大 Results 的份额，这个就不用多说了吧。“讲故事”就在这里。当然了，我发现真正在准备的时候还是很费时的，因为要注意顺序问题，怎样能一张一张有逻辑的将故事说圆了，让大家都没有疑惑。
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（3）讲故事
6 z+ d/ |* M. ^! c7 J; N也就是 Results 部分，也是报告真正的核心内容。与写文章不同的是，因为时间限制，细节问题不需要讨论；这样才能将重要的内容凸显出来。图多字少不用公式也是给短报告的一个原则。
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（4）风格7 o$ `0 W; _6 I/ V0 c5 d R
我的第一个版本的每一张 Slide 都包括了进度条和姓名时间，后来在林老师的建议下删掉了。这是因为要“努力使听众集中注意力听故事”。- E* z( [4 ^ t' U$ n9 F8 [ y
同样，制作 PPT 还有很多细节问题，有些关乎个人风格。目标当然是要显得“Professional”了。下面是林老师在帮我修改 PPT 时的一些建议，在这里与大家分享一下：: b9 p( g. ~, m- {: \3 Y+ f7 y0 N
a. 字体: Aria narrow.5 b, i: Z6 ^" p% Z2 D$ U
字体大小: title 32, subtitle 28 etc., not smaller than 18
9 `( r5 |; K1 ^' {5 Zb.深色底色加上浅色（比如白&黄色）的字! c+ U5 s5 n/ B! x# R# [- s
c. 不要过分展示别人的结果，专注于讲自己的故事。" x6 r$ j8 b( L$ C
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（5）画图# Y1 P8 `5 e% Z+ f; n- e
因为图片在报告的重要性，PPT 中的每一张图都要重新画过，推荐用 png 格式。我用 AI 将 pdf 转成 png 格式，同时要注意分辨率，字体大小的问题。下面链接是个很详细的说明：. r# V9 b0 p8 \1 C5 M
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( ?3 w2 J i- Y* JRef：www.52ocean.cn$ Z/ G5 y. P+ N, E% O2 k1 D1 H. j: Q
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